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According to the biblical Book of Genesis, Isaac

Isaac (/ˈaɪzək/; Hebrew: יִצְחָק‬, Modern Yiṣḥáq, Tiberian Yiṣḥāq; Arabic: إسحٰق/إسحاق‎, Isḥāq) was the son of Abraham

Abraham and Sarah

Sarah and father of Jacob; his name means "he will laugh", reflecting when Sarah

Sarah laughed in disbelief when told that she would have a child.[1] In the Bible, he is one of the three patriarchs of the Israelites, the only one whose name was not changed, and the only one who did not move out of Canaan.[1] According to the narrative, he died when he was 180 years old, the longest-lived of the three.[1] The biblical narrative of Isaac

Isaac has influenced various religious traditions, including Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The consensus of modern scholarship doubts the existence of figures from Genesis, including Isaac.[2]

Contents

1 Etymology 2 Genesis narrative

2.1 Birth 2.2 Binding 2.3 Family life 2.4 Migration 2.5 Birthright 2.6 Family tree

3 Burial site 4 Jewish views 5 Christian views

5.1 New Testament

6 Islamic views

6.1 Quran

7 Academic 8 In art 9 See also 10 Citations 11 References 12 External links

Etymology[edit] The anglicized name Isaac
Isaac is a transliteration of the Hebrew term Yiṣḥāq which literally means "He laughs/will laugh."[3] Ugaritic texts dating from the 13th century BCE refer to the benevolent smile of the Canaanite deity El.[4] Genesis, however, ascribes the laughter to Isaac's parents, Abraham
Abraham and Sarah, rather than El. According to the biblical narrative, Abraham
Abraham fell on his face and laughed when God (Hebrew, Elohim) imparted the news of their son's eventual birth. He laughed because Sarah
Sarah was past the age of childbearing; both she and Abraham
Abraham were advanced in age. Later, when Sarah
Sarah overheard three messengers of the Lord renew the promise, she laughed inwardly for the same reason. Sarah
Sarah denied laughing when God
God questioned Abraham
Abraham about it.[5][6][7] In Amos Isaac
Isaac is spelled not with a צ but with a ש - Amos 7:9 ישחק Genesis narrative[edit] Birth[edit] It was prophesied to the patriarch Abraham
Abraham that he would have a son and that his name should be Isaac. When Abraham
Abraham became one hundred years old, this son was born to him by his first wife Sarah.[8] Though this was Abraham's second son[9] it was Sarah's first and only child. On the eighth day from his birth, Isaac
Isaac was circumcised, as was necessary for all males of Abraham's household, in order to be in compliance with Yahweh's covenant.[10] After Isaac
Isaac had been weaned, Sarah
Sarah saw Ishmael
Ishmael mocking, and urged her husband to cast out Hagar
Hagar the bondservant and her son, so that Isaac would be Abraham's sole heir. Abraham
Abraham was hesitant, but at God's order he listened to his wife's request.[11] Binding[edit]

The Akedah, mosaic on the floor of Beit Alfa Synagogue

Main article: Binding of Isaac At some point in Isaac's youth, his father Abraham
Abraham brought him to Mount Moriah. At God's command, Abraham
Abraham was to build a sacrificial altar and sacrifice his son Isaac
Isaac upon it. After he had bound his son to the altar and drawn his knife to kill him, at the very last moment an angel of God
God prevented Abraham
Abraham from proceeding. Rather, he was directed to sacrifice instead a nearby ram that was stuck in thickets.

The birth of Esau
Esau and Jacob, as painted by Benjamin
Benjamin West

Family life[edit] When Isaac
Isaac was 40, Abraham
Abraham sent Eliezer, his steward, into Mesopotamia to find a wife for Isaac, from his nephew Bethuel's family. Eliezer chose the Aramean
Aramean Rebekah for Isaac. After many years of marriage to Isaac, Rebekah had still not given birth to a child and was believed to be barren. Isaac
Isaac prayed for her and she conceived. Rebekah gave birth to twin boys, Esau
Esau and Jacob. Isaac
Isaac was 60 years old when his two sons were born.[12] Isaac
Isaac favored Esau, and Rebekah favored Jacob.[13] Isaac
Isaac is unique among the patriarchs for remaining faithful to his wife, and for not having concubines.[14][15] Migration[edit] Isaac
Isaac moved to Beer-lahai-roi after his father died.[16] When the land experienced famine, he removed to the Philistine land of Gerar where his father once lived. This land was still under the control of King Abimelech
Abimelech as it was in the days of Abraham. Like his father, Isaac also deceived Abimelech
Abimelech about his wife and also got into the well business. He had gone back to all of the wells that his father dug and saw that they were all stopped up with earth. The Philistines
Philistines did this after Abraham
Abraham died. So, Isaac
Isaac unearthed them and began to dig for more wells all the way to Beersheba, where he made a pact with Abimelech, just like in the day of his father.[17]

Isaac
Isaac blessing his son, as painted by Giotto di Bondone

Birthright[edit] Isaac
Isaac grew old and became blind. He called his son Esau
Esau and directed him to procure some venison for him, in order to receive Isaac's blessing. While Esau
Esau was hunting, Jacob, after listening to his mother's advice, deceived his blind father by misrepresenting himself as Esau
Esau and thereby obtained his father's blessing, such that Jacob became Isaac's primary heir and Esau
Esau was left in an inferior position. According to Genesis 25:29–34, Esau
Esau had previously sold his birthright to Jacob
Jacob for "bread and stew of lentils". Thereafter, Isaac sent Jacob
Jacob into Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia to take a wife of his mother's brother's house. After 20 years working for his uncle Laban, Jacob
Jacob returned home. He reconciled with his twin brother Esau, then he and Esau buried their father, Isaac, in Hebron
Hebron after he died at the age of 180.[18][19] Family tree[edit]

Terah

Sarah[20]

Abraham

Hagar

Haran

Nahor

Ishmael

Milcah

Lot

Iscah

Ishmaelites

7 sons[21]

Bethuel

1st daughter

2nd daughter

Isaac

Rebecca

Laban

Moabites

Ammonites

Esau

Jacob

Rachel

Bilhah

Edomites

Zilpah

Leah

1. Reuben 2. Simeon 3. Levi 4. Judah 9. Issachar 10. Zebulun Dinah (daughter)

7. Gad 8. Asher

5. Dan 6. Naphtali

11. Joseph 12. Benjamin

Burial site[edit] According to local tradition, the graves of Isaac
Isaac and Rebekah, along with the graves of Abraham
Abraham and Sarah
Sarah and Jacob
Jacob and Leah, are in the Cave of the Patriarchs. Jewish views[edit] In rabbinical tradition, the age of Isaac
Isaac at the time of binding is taken to be 37, which contrasts with common portrayals of Isaac
Isaac as a child.[22] The rabbis also thought that the reason for the death of Sarah
Sarah was the news of the intended sacrifice of Isaac.[22] The sacrifice of Isaac
Isaac is cited in appeals for the mercy of God
God in later Jewish traditions.[23] The post-biblical Jewish interpretations often elaborate the role of Isaac
Isaac beyond the biblical description and primarily focus on Abraham's intended sacrifice of Isaac, called the aqedah ("binding").[4] According to a version of these interpretations, Isaac
Isaac died in the sacrifice and was revived.[4] According to many accounts of Aggadah, unlike the Bible, it is Satan who is testing Isaac
Isaac as an agent of God.[24] Isaac's willingness to follow God's command at the cost of his death has been a model for many Jews who preferred martyrdom to violation of the Jewish law.[22] According to the Jewish tradition, Isaac
Isaac instituted the afternoon prayer. This tradition is based on Genesis chapter 24, verse 63[25] (" Isaac
Isaac went out to meditate in the field at the eventide").[22] Isaac
Isaac was the only patriarch who stayed in Canaan
Canaan during his whole life and though once he tried to leave, God
God told him not to do so.[26] Rabbinic tradition gave the explanation that Isaac
Isaac was almost sacrificed and anything dedicated as a sacrifice may not leave the Land of Israel.[22] Isaac
Isaac was the oldest of the biblical patriarchs at the time of his death, and the only patriarch whose name was not changed.[4][27] Rabbinic literature also linked Isaac's blindness in old age, as stated in the Bible, to the sacrificial binding: Isaac's eyes went blind because the tears of angels present at the time of his sacrifice fell on Isaac's eyes.[24] Christian views[edit]

Isaac
Isaac embraces his father Abraham
Abraham after the Binding of Isaac, early 1900s Bible
Bible illustration

The early Christian church continued and developed the New Testament theme of Isaac
Isaac as a type of Christ and the Church being both "the son of the promise" and the "father of the faithful". Tertullian
Tertullian draws a parallel between Isaac's bearing the wood for the sacrificial fire with Christ's carrying his cross.[28] and there was a general agreement that, while all the sacrifices of the Old Law were anticipations of that on Calvary, the sacrifice of Isaac
Isaac was so "in a pre-eminent way".[29] The Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church
Catholic Church consider Isaac
Isaac as a Saint along with other biblical patriarchs.[30] Along with those of other patriarchs and the Old Testament Righteous, his feast day is celebrated in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church and the Byzantine rite of the Catholic Church
Catholic Church on the Second Sunday before Christmas (December 11–17), under the title the Sunday of the Forefathers.[31][32] New Testament[edit] The New Testament
New Testament states Isaac
Isaac was "offered up" by his father Abraham, and that Isaac
Isaac blessed his sons.[27] Paul contrasted Isaac, symbolizing Christian liberty, with the rejected older son Ishmael, symbolizing slavery;[4][33] Hagar
Hagar is associated with the Sinai covenant, while Sarah
Sarah is associated with the covenant of grace, into which her son Isaac
Isaac enters. The Epistle of James
Epistle of James chapter 2, verses 21–24,[34] states that the sacrifice of Isaac
Isaac shows that justification (in the Johannine sense) requires both faith and works.[35] In the Epistle to the Hebrews, Abraham's willingness to follow God's command to sacrifice Isaac
Isaac is used as an example of faith as is Isaac's action in blessing Jacob
Jacob and Esau
Esau with reference to the future promised by God
God to Abraham[36] In verse 19, the author views the release of Isaac
Isaac from sacrifice as analogous to the resurrection of Jesus, the idea of the sacrifice of Isaac
Isaac being a prefigure of the sacrifice of Jesus
Jesus on the cross.[37] Islamic views[edit] Main article: Isaac
Isaac in Islam

Cave of the Patriarchs, Hebron

Islam
Islam considers Isaac
Isaac as a prophet of Islam, and describes him as the father of the Israelites
Israelites and a righteous servant of God. Isaac, along with Ishmael, is highly important for Muslims for continuing to preach the message of monotheism after his father Abraham. Among Isaac's children was the follow-up Israelite
Israelite patriarch Jacob, who too is venerated an Islamic prophet. Isaac
Isaac is mentioned fifteen times by name in the Quran, often with his father and his son, Jacob.[38] The Quran
Quran states that Abraham
Abraham received "good tidings of Isaac, a prophet, of the righteous", and that God blessed them both (37: 12). In a fuller description, when angels came to Abraham
Abraham to tell him of the future punishment to be imposed on Sodom and Gomorrah, his wife, Sarah, "laughed, and We gave her good tidings of Isaac, and after Isaac
Isaac of (a grandson) Jacob" (11: 71–74); and it is further explained that this event will take place despite Abraham and Sarah's old age. Several verses speak of Isaac
Isaac as a "gift" to Abraham
Abraham (6: 84; 14: 49–50), and 24: 26–27 adds that God
God made "prophethood and the Book to be among his offspring", which has been interpreted to refer to Abraham's two prophetic sons, his prophetic grandson Jacob, and his prophetic great-grandson Joseph. In the Qur'an, it later narrates that Abraham
Abraham also praised God
God for giving him Ishmael
Ishmael and Isaac
Isaac in his old age (14: 39–41). Elsewhere in the Quran, Isaac
Isaac is mentioned in lists: Joseph follows the religion of his forefathers Abraham, Isaac
Isaac and Jacob
Jacob (12: 38) and speaks of God's favor to them (12: 6); Jacob's sons all testify their faith and promise to worship the God
God that their forefathers, "Abraham, Ishmael
Ishmael and Isaac", worshiped (2: 127); and the Qur'an
Qur'an commands Muslims to believe in the revelations that were given to "Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob
Jacob and the Patriarchs" (2: 136; 3: 84). In the Quran's narrative of Abraham's near-sacrifice of his son (37: 102), the name of the son is not mentioned and debate has continued over the son's identity, though many feel that the identity is the least important element in a story which is given to show the courage that one develops through faith.[39] Quran[edit] The Quran
Quran mentions Isaac
Isaac as a prophet and a righteous man of God. Isaac
Isaac and Jacob
Jacob are mentioned as being bestowed upon Abraham
Abraham as gifts of God, who then worshipped God
God only and were righteous leaders in the way of God:

And We bestowed on him Isaac
Isaac and, as an additional gift, (a grandson), Jacob, and We made righteous men of every one (of them). And We made them leaders, guiding (men) by Our Command, and We sent them inspiration to do good deeds, to establish regular prayers, and to practise regular charity; and they constantly served Us (and Us only). — Quran, sura 21 (Al-Anbiya), ayah 72–73[40]

And WE gave him the glad tidings of Isaac, a Prophet, and one of the righteous. — Quran, sura 37 (As-Saaffat), ayah 112[41]

Academic[edit] Some scholars have described Isaac
Isaac as "a legendary figure" or "as a figure representing tribal history, or "as a seminomadic leader."[42] The stories of Isaac, like other patriarchal stories of Genesis, are generally believed to have "their origin in folk memories and oral traditions of the early Hebrew pastoralist experience."[43] The Cambridge Companion to the Bible
Bible makes the following comment on the biblical stories of the patriarchs:

Yet for all that these stories maintain a distance between their world and that of their time of literary growth and composition, they reflect the political realities of the later periods. Many of the narratives deal with the relationship between the ancestors and peoples who were part of Israel's political world at the time the stories began to be written down (eighth century B.C.E.). Lot is the ancestor of the Transjordanian peoples of Ammon
Ammon and Moab, and Ishmael personifies the nomadic peoples known to have inhabited north Arabia, although located in the Old Testament in the Negev. Esau
Esau personifies Edom (36:1), and Laban represents the Aramean
Aramean states to Israel's north. A persistent theme is that of difference between the ancestors and the indigenous Canaanites… In fact, the theme of the differences between Judah and Israel, as personified by the ancestors, and the neighboring peoples of the time of the monarchy is pressed effectively into theological service to articulate the choosing by God
God of Judah and Israel to bring blessing to all peoples."[44]

According to Martin Noth, a scholar of the Hebrew Bible, the narratives of Isaac
Isaac date back to an older cultural stage than that of the West-Jordanian Jacob.[42] At that era, the Israelite
Israelite tribes were not yet sedentary. In the course of looking for grazing areas, they had come in contact in southern Philistia
Philistia with the inhabitants of the settled countryside.[42] The biblical historian A. Jopsen believes in the connection between the Isaac
Isaac traditions and the north, and in support of this theory adduces Amos 7:9 ("the high places of Isaac").[42] Albrecht Alt
Albrecht Alt and Martin Noth hold that, "The figure of Isaac
Isaac was enhanced when the theme of promise, previously bound to the cults of the ' God
God the Fathers' was incorporated into the Israelite
Israelite creed during the southern-Palestinian stage of the growth of the Pentateuch tradition."[42] According to Martin Noth, at the Southern Palestinian stage of the growth of the Pentateuch tradition, Isaac
Isaac became established as one of the biblical patriarchs, but his traditions were receded in the favor of Abraham.[42] In art[edit] The earliest Christian portrayal of Isaac
Isaac is found in the Roman catacomb frescoes.[45] Excluding the fragments, Alison Moore Smith classifies these artistic works in three categories:

" Abraham
Abraham leads Isaac
Isaac towards the altar; or Isaac
Isaac approaches with the bundle of sticks, Abraham
Abraham having preceded him to the place of offering .... Abraham
Abraham is upon a pedestal and Isaac
Isaac stands near at hand, both figures in orant attitude .... Abraham
Abraham is shown about to sacrifice Isaac
Isaac while the latter stands or kneels on the ground beside the altar. Sometimes Abraham
Abraham grasps Isaac
Isaac by the hair. Occasionally the ram is added to the scene and in the later paintings the Hand of God emerges from above."[45]

See also[edit]

Judaism
Judaism portal Christianity portal Islam
Islam portal

Biblical narratives and the Qur'an Testament of Isaac Wife–sister narratives in the Book of Genesis
Book of Genesis – three such narratives involving Abraham
Abraham (two) and Isaac
Isaac (one)

Citations[edit]

^ a b c deClaise-Walford 2000, p. 647. ^ Craig A. Evans; Joel N. Lohr; David
David L. Petersen (20 March 2012). The Book of Genesis: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation. BRILL. p. 64. ISBN 90-04-22653-2. ^ Strong's Concordance, Strong, James, ed., Isaac, Isaac's, 3327 יִצְחָק 3446, 2464. ^ a b c d e Encyclopedia of Religion, Isaac. ^ Genesis 17:15–19 18:10–15 ^ Singer, Isidore; Broydé, Isaac
Isaac (1901–1906). "Isaac". In Singer, Isidore; Adler, Cyrus; et al. Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. ^ Hirsch, Emil G.; Bacher, Wilhelm; Lauterbach, Jacob
Jacob Zallel; Jacobs, Joseph; Montgomery, Mary W. (1901–1906). " Sarah
Sarah (Sarai)". In Singer, Isidore; Adler, Cyrus; et al. Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. ^ Genesis 18:10–12 ^ Genesis 16:15 ^ Genesis 21:1–5 ^ Genesis 21:8–12 ^ Genesis 25:26 ^ Genesis 25:20–28 ^ Title= Encyclopaedia Judaica Volume 10 pg=34 ^ Genesis 35:22 ^ Genesis 25:11 ^ Genesis 26 ^ Jewish Encyclopedia, Isaac. ^ Genesis 35:28–29 ^ Genesis 20:12: Sarah
Sarah was the half–sister of Abraham. ^ Genesis 22:21-22: Uz, Buz, Kemuel, Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, and Jidlaph ^ a b c d e The New Encyclopedia of Judaism, Isaac. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, Isaac. ^ a b Brock, Sebastian P., Brill's New Pauly, Isaac. ^ Genesis 24:63 ^ Genesis 26:2 ^ a b Easton, M. G., Illustrated Bible
Bible Dictionary, 3rd ed., Isaac. ^ Cross and Livingstone, Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 1974, art Isaac ^ Kelly, J.N.D. Early Christian Doctrines, A & C Black, 1965. p. 72 ^ The patriarchs, prophets and certain other Old Testament figures have been and always will be honored as saints in all the Church's liturgical traditions. – Catechism of the Catholic Church
Catholic Church 61 ^ http://orthodoxwiki.org/Sunday_of_the_Forefathers ^ Liturgy > Liturgical year >The Christmas Fast – Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh ^ Galatians 4:21–31 ^ James 2:21–24 ^ Encyclopedia of Christianity, Bowden, John, ed., Isaac. ^ Hebrews 11:17–20 ^ see F.F. Bruce, The Epistle to the Hebrews
Epistle to the Hebrews Marshall. Morgan and Scott, 1964 pp. 308–13 for all this paragraph. ^ Encyclopedia of Islam, W. Montgomery Watt, Isaac ^ Concise Encyclopedia of Islam, C. Glasse, Isaac ^ Quran 21:72 ^ Quran 37:112 ^ a b c d e f Eerdmans Encyclopedia of Christianity, Isaac, p. 744. ^ Columbia Encyclopedia, Isaac. ^ The Cambridge Companion to the Bible, p. 59. ^ a b Smith, Alison Moore (1922). "The Iconography of the Sacrifice of Isaac
Isaac in Early Christian Art". American Journal of Archaeology. 26 (2): 159–73. doi:10.2307/497708. JSTOR 497708.

References[edit]

Browning, W.R.F (1996). A dictionary of the Bible. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-211691-6. Paul Lagasse; Lora Goldman; Archie Hobson; Susan R. Norton, eds. (2000). The Columbia Encyclopedia (6th ed.). Gale Group. ISBN 978-1-59339-236-9. P.J. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam
Islam Online. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912. Erwin Fahlbusch; William Geoffrey Bromiley, eds. (2001). Encyclopedia of Christianity (1st ed.). Eerdmans Publishing Company, and Brill. ISBN 0-8028-2414-5. John Bowden, ed. (2005). Encyclopedia of Christianity (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-522393-4. The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Incorporated; Rev Ed edition. 2005. ISBN 978-1-59339-236-9. Jane Dammen McAuliffe, ed. (2005). Encyclopedia of the Qur'an. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-12356-4. Geoffrey Wigoder, ed. (2002). The New Encyclopedia of Judaism
Judaism (2nd ed.). New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-9388-6. Lindsay Jones, ed. (2005). Encyclopedia of Religion (2nd ed.). MacMillan Reference Books. ISBN 978-0-02-865733-2. deClaise-Walford, Nancy (2000). "Isaac". In David
David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers; Astrid B. Beck. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-2400-4.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Isaac.

Isaac
Isaac in Jewish Encyclopedia

Abraham's son as the intended sacrifice (Al-Dhabih, Qur'an
Qur'an 37:99, Qur'an
Qur'an 37:99–113): Issues in qur'anic exegesis, journal of Semitic Studies XXX1V/ Spring 1989 Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Isaac". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Isaac". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

v t e

Adam
Adam to David
David according to the Bible

Creation to Flood

Adam Seth Enos Kenan Mahalalel Jared Enoch Methuselah Lamech Noah Shem

Cain line

Adam Cain Enoch Irad Mehujael Methusael Lamech Tubal-cain

Patriarchs after Flood

Arpachshad Cainan Shelah Eber Peleg Reu Serug Nahor Terah Abraham Isaac Jacob

Tribe
Tribe of Judah to Kingdom

Judah Perez Hezron Ram Amminadab Nahshon Salmon Boaz Obed Jesse David

Names in italics only appear in the Greek Septuagint
Septuagint version

v t e

Prophets in the Hebrew Bible

Pre-Patriarchal

Abel Kenan Enoch Noah (in rabbinic literature)

Patriarchs / Matriarchs

Abraham Isaac Jacob Levi Joseph Sarah Rebecca Rachel Leah

Israelite
Israelite prophets in the Torah

Moses (in rabbinic literature) Aaron Miriam Eldad and Medad Phinehas

Mentioned in the Former Prophets

Joshua Deborah Gideon Eli Elkanah Hannah Abigail Samuel Gad Nathan David Solomon Jeduthun Ahijah Shemaiah Elijah Elisha Iddo Hanani Jehu Micaiah Jahaziel Eliezer Zechariah ben Jehoiada Huldah

Major

Isaiah (in rabbinic literature) Jeremiah Ezekiel Daniel (in rabbinic literature)

Minor

Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah (in rabbinic literature) Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Zechariah Malachi

Noahide

Beor Balaam Job (in rabbinic literature)

Other

Amoz Beeri Baruch Agur Uriah Buzi Mordecai Esther (in rabbinic literature) Oded Azariah

Italics indicate persons whose status as prophets is not universally accepted.

v t e

Prophets in the Quran

آدم إدريس نوح هود صالح إبراهيم لوط إسماعيل

Adam Adam

Idris Enoch (?)

Nuh Noah

Hud Eber
Eber (?)

Saleh Salah (?)

Ibrahim Abraham

Lut Lot

Ismail Ishmael

إسحاق يعقوب يوسف أيوب شُعيب موسى هارون ذو الكفل داود

Is'haq Isaac

Yaqub Jacob

Yusuf Joseph

Ayyub Job

Shuayb Jethro (?)

Musa Moses

Harun Aaron

Dhul-Kifl Ezekiel
Ezekiel (?)

Daud David

سليمان إلياس إليسع يونس زكريا يحيى عيسى مُحمد

Sulaiman Solomon

Ilyas Elijah

Al-Yasa Elisha

Yunus Jonah

Zakaria Zechariah

Yahya John

Isa Jesus

Muhammad Muhammad

Note: Muslims believe that there were many prophets sent by God
God to mankind. The Islamic prophets above are only the ones mentioned by name in the Quran.

v t e

Saints of the Catholic Church

Virgin Mary

Mother of God
God (Theotokos) Immaculate Conception Perpetual virginity Assumption Marian apparition

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Apostles

Andrew Barnabas Bartholomew James of Alphaeus James the Greater John Jude Matthew Matthias Paul Peter Philip Simon Thomas

Archangels

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Confessors

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Disciples

Apollos Mary Magdalene Priscilla and Aquila Silvanus Stephen Timothy Titus Seventy disciples

Doctors

Gregory the Great Ambrose Augustine of Hippo Jerome John Chrysostom Basil of Caesarea Gregory of Nazianzus Athanasius of Alexandria Cyril of Alexandria Cyril of Jerusalem John of Damascus Bede
Bede the Venerable Ephrem the Syrian Thomas Aquinas Bonaventure Anselm of Canterbury Isidore of Seville Peter Chrysologus Leo the Great Peter Damian Bernard of Clairvaux Hilary of Poitiers Alphonsus Liguori Francis de Sales Peter Canisius John of the Cross Robert Bellarmine Albertus Magnus Anthony of Padua Lawrence of Brindisi Teresa of Ávila Catherine of Siena Thérèse of Lisieux John of Ávila Hildegard of Bingen Gregory of Narek

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Matthew Mark Luke John

Church Fathers

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Irenaeus of Lyons Isidore of Seville Jerome
Jerome of Stridonium John Chrysostom John of Damascus Maximus the Confessor Melito of Sardis Quadratus of Athens Papias of Hierapolis Peter Chrysologus Polycarp
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Martyrs

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Patriarchs

Adam Abel Abraham Isaac Jacob Joseph Joseph (father of Jesus) David Noah Solomon Matriarchs

Popes

Adeodatus I Adeodatus II Adrian III Agapetus I Agatho Alexander I Anacletus Anastasius I Anicetus Anterus Benedict II Boniface I Boniface IV Caius Callixtus I Celestine I Celestine V Clement I Cornelius Damasus I Dionysius Eleuterus Eugene I Eusebius Eutychian Evaristus Fabian Felix I Felix III Felix IV Gelasius I Gregory I Gregory II Gregory III Gregory VII Hilarius Hormisdas Hyginus Innocent I John I John XXIII John Paul II Julius I Leo I Leo II Leo III Leo IV Leo IX Linus Lucius I Marcellinus Marcellus I Mark Martin I Miltiades Nicholas I Paschal I Paul I Peter Pius I Pius V Pius X Pontian Sergius I Silverius Simplicius Siricius Sixtus I Sixtus II Sixtus III Soter Stephen I Stephen IV Sylvester I Symmachus Telesphorus Urban I Victor I Vitalian Zachary Zephyrinus Zosimus

Prophets

Agabus Amos Anna Baruch ben Neriah David Dalua Elijah Ezekiel Habakkuk Haggai Hosea Isaiah Jeremiah Job Joel John the Baptist Jonah Judas Barsabbas Malachi Melchizedek Micah Moses Nahum Obadiah Samuel Seven Maccabees and their mother Simeon Zechariah (prophet) Zechariah (NT) Zephaniah

Virgins

Agatha of Sicily Agnes of Rome Bernadette Soubirous Brigid of Kildare Cecilia Clare of Assisi Eulalia of Mérida Euphemia Genevieve Kateri Tekakwitha Lucy of Syracuse Maria Goretti Mother Teresa Narcisa de Jesús Rose of Lima